纽时赏析／挨批不人道…为了讨好美国 墨西哥正把移民推回南部

墨西哥为安抚拜登政府，用巴士将移民运至墨西哥南部。(图／123RF)

To Appease U.S. Officials, Mexico Is Pushing Migrants Back South

为了讨好美国 墨西哥正把移民推回南部

The buses rumble into town day and night, dumping migrants in a city many didn’t even know existed.

巴士日夜不停隆隆作响开进小镇，将移民扔在个许多人甚至不知道存在的城市。

But instead of landing closer to the U.S. border, they are being hauled roughly 1,000 miles in the opposite direction — deep into southern Mexico in a shadowy program meant to appease the Biden administration and ship migrants far from the United States.

但巴士不是将人载往美国边界，而是背道而驰1000英里，深入墨西哥南部，这是一个鲜为人知的计划，目的是将移民大老远地从美国运到墨西哥，安抚拜登政府。

Mexican authorities rarely publicly acknowledge the busing program.

墨西哥当局很少公开承认这个用巴士运人的计划。

Yet the program is exposing the chasm between the Mexican government’s rhetoric promoting a humanitarian approach to migration, and the country’s role as a heavy-handed enforcer of U.S. border objectives, leaving many migrant families stranded to fend for themselves.

然而，这个计划正在揭露墨西哥政府发扬对移民采取人道做法的辞令，以及该国作为美国边境目标严厉执法者角色之间的鸿沟，丢下许多移民家庭陷于困境、自谋生路。

“I asked the agents, ‘How can you treat us like dirt?’” said Rosa Guamán, 29, from Ecuador. She was detained with her husband and two children by migration agents in April near the border city of Piedras Negras. Nobody told them they were being taken to Villahermosa, in southeastern Mexico, until they were well on their way.

29岁的罗莎．瓜曼来自厄瓜多，说「我问干员们，『你们怎么能不把我们当人看？』」。她在4月跟丈夫与2个孩子一起，在边境城市彼德拉斯内格拉斯附近，被移民干员拘留。没人告诉他们，他们正被送往墨西哥东南部的比亚埃尔莫萨，直到他们已经上路。

At an overcrowded shelter in Villahermosa, she described the ride as the most dispiriting part of a monthslong journey that included trekking across swaths of jungle, threats of sexual assault and bribing Mexican officials with the hope of getting to New Jersey.

在比亚埃尔莫萨一处人满为患的庇护所，她把这趟旅行说成长达数月的行程中，最令人沮丧的一段，包括跋涉穿过大片的丛林、性侵的威胁，以及抱著前往新泽西州的希望贿赂墨西哥官员。

“We’re starting over from zero,” Guamán said.

瓜曼说，「我们正从零重新开始」。

Mexico’s National Migration Institute declined to comment. Officials there sometimes frame the detention and transfers of migrants in humanitarian jargon as “rescues” or “dissuasion” aimed at easing conditions in dangerous, overcrowded areas.

墨西哥国家移民局拒绝发表意见，该局官员有时以人道行话，将移民的拘留和转移界定为「救援」或「劝阻」，意欲缓解危险、人满为患区域的情况。

But the busing program is anything but humanitarian, according to immigration lawyers, rights groups and shelter operators in Mexico. The rules for busing migrants south of the border are often cloaked in obscurity — or publicly ignored by authorities.

但，墨西哥的移民律师、人权组织跟庇护所经营者表示，这个巴士运人计划根本不人道。用巴士运送边境以南移民的法规往往以晦涩掩盖，或者遭当局公然忽视。

In December, migrant encounters at the U.S.-Mexico border exploded to their highest level on record. Secretary of State Antony Blinken flew to Mexico City for emergency talks aimed at pressing Mexico’s government to do more to curb migration.

去年12月，美国和墨西哥边境的移民冲突激增至正式纪录的最高程度。国务卿安东尼．布林肯飞往墨西哥市举行紧急会谈，旨在催促墨西哥政府采取更多措施以遏止移民。

Almost immediately after, charter flights and buses started dropping large numbers of people in Villahermosa.

几乎紧接之后，包租航班和巴士开始在比亚埃尔莫萨抛下大量的人。

A senior White House official who was not authorized to speak publicly said the United States does not dictate what measures Mexico should take to curb migration.

一位未获授权公开发言的资深白宫官员表示，美国并未指定墨西哥应该采用什么样的措施来遏止移民。

文／Simon Romero and Paulina Villegas　译／周辰阳